Rotary block press



12, 339. I KQHLER 2,183,196

' ROTARY BLOCK PRESS Filed June 3, 1938 INVENTOR Heinrich K6111 A IORN EY Patented- Dec. 12, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE:

. ROTARY BLOCK PRESS Heinrich'Kiihler, Gross-Ottersleben, Georgshohe,

Germany, assignorto Fried. Krupp, Grusonwerk, Aktien-Gesellschaft, Magdeburg-Buckau,

Germany ApplicationJune 3, 1938, Serial No. 211,643

a In Germany June I, 1937 7' Claims.

My invention relates'to the art of making solid blocks or briquettesfrom granular or powdered material in bulk such as charcoal dust, lignite, ore, slags, shavings etc. with or without binding agents; and more especially to improvements in rotary block presses of the ring-roller type having, arotary mold ring in, upright position and grooved at its inner periphery and a compression roller excentrically arranged to and 10 wherebetween the raw material under treatment is'lcontinuously fed and compressed into a continuous strip, and hereinafter briefly called blank, which is continuously removed from the mold ring and broken into individual briquettes.

The improvements dealt with hereinafter will I be better understood by first critically reviewing the state of the artconcerning briquetting presses of the ring roller type described. 20

' the mold ring and to concurrently break it into individual pieces by means of a stationary wedge shaped deflecting member extending into the mold of the rotating ring and having a curved inner working face, against which the upper free end of the blank is forced. As a matter of factby this rather rough treatment the blank is abruptly broken into pieces of unequal length, and a great proportion of smaller pieces and fines are produced which are undesirable because of tending to choke the grates of furnaces, wherein they are to be burned.

A structurally improved rotary press has be come known in fthis art, wherein the blank is formed with indentations promoting the production of briquettes of equal length and wherein the' blank is also positively removed, namely scraped or raked out of the mold ring by a sta-.

tionary deflecting wedge extending into the mold. of saidmold ring, and then ascends'through a curved channel or conduct formed by the concave inner face of said deflecting wedge and the convex faceof another guiding and supporting member engaging the blank from. within. The blank on issuing from said curved conduct, is subdivided inter single briquettes by a separate breaking means of specific design comprising an excentric disc'rapidly rotated at high speed, and a spring resiliently supporting said,

disc.

It has been found in the course of the inventors practical experiments that the said blank deflecting wedge cooperating with the mold ring and the blank breaking means,--which was heretofore considered to be an indispensable element mating with said mold ring as they rotate,

it has been proposed to remove the blank from forpositively removing the blank and for supporting it from the rear near the breaking pints,-is rapidly and prematurely worn out by its highly abrasive frictional contact with the blank, and that keeping the said deflecting wedge in repair and replacing it calls for highly skilled labour, and causes frequent and long interruptions in the work of the press more so, since said wedge is difficult of access and supervision lyingin a remote place and out of sight.

Another more serious drawback inherent to said rotary briquetting presses consists in that "the blank-because of containing often chips of wood, roots and pieces of hard or sticky foreign 'minerals of various descriptionis liable to accidentally choke the pasage between the said deflecting wedge and the opposed inner guiding and supporting member, withthe result, that the press is stopped and subject to breakage of vital parts.

-Still another drawback of rotary briquetting presses of the type set forth consists in that the energy consumed by the frictional interengagement of the. blank and the said deflecting wedge and the energy consumed in rotating at high speed'nainely in practice at about 3000 R. P. M.-'-the said excentric disc for breaking the blank into pieces considerably adds to the total consumption of power by the-press.

The principal object of this invention is to .overcome the said drawbacks by providing a structurally simplified block press of the ring roller type described so re-designed, that its consumption of power is greatly reduced and that.

the press can be more easily supervised and kept in proper working condition.

Other objects aimed at by the invention and advantages obtained will become apparent incidentally to practitioners in this field as the description proceeds. 1

A salient feature of the re-designed block press is the absence of a, deflecting wedge: It has "been found, that blanks of conventional cross sectional shape and made for instance from brown coal or lignite finely comminuted, heated and dried down to about 15% water content are apt to freely and cleanly pass out of the annular mold of themold ring by the action of their own gravitational forces, namely on approaching the inner crown portion of the mold ring. 7

Another equally important feature of the invention is the provision of a re-designed breaking device preferably a rotary one, acting 'upon the free and unsupported end of the blank, namely the very briquette to be severed, so abruptly and violently, that the mass of the last but one briquette and its other mates will effectively assist in the breaking action by their own inertia and with the result, that the individual briquettes are cleanly severed and broken 013 the blank at its indentations.

The nature and scope of the invention are briefly outlined in the appended claims and will be more fully understood from the following specification taken together with the accompanying drawing, in which Fig. 1 is a side elevation, partly in section and showing a rotary block press re-designed according to this invention,

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary section vertically taken through the press and showing in a larger scale the upper portion of the mold ring and the breaking device,

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary cross section taken on line III-III in Fig. 2,

Figs. 4 and 5 diagrammatically show structurally modified breaking devices for rotary block presses re-designed according to this invention.

The rotary block press structurally improved with the objects in view outlined above comprises:

(1) A frame [0, wherein two rollers II, II keyed to rotary shafts I2, I2 are journalled for supporting and revolving,

(2) A mold ring 18 formed at its inner periphery with a T-shaped annular recess, consisting of a relatively deep guide groove 2' in the center and two stepped mold grooves i, ,i" formed at both sides by flanges l8, I8",

(3) Means for rotating said rollers II, II in the direction of the arrows a::c', and comprising an electric motor I5 and a train of 'gear wheels l5,'l6, l1, ll cooperatively interconnecting said electric motor and rollers H, II,

(4) A pressing roller 22 keyed to a rotary shaft and journalled in bearings 2| of the frame 10 in an excentric position to the mold ring IB for cooperation with the latter as they rotate; said pressing roller 22 is formed on its peripheral faces with a central annular rib 22 for engagement with the said central groove 1' of the mold ring l8 and with teeth 22" for producing spaced indentations or notches in the blanks A, A2 (Fig. 3),

(5) A feeding device attached to the frame If! for charging the material under treatment into the mold ring 18; said feeding device, diagrammatically shown in Fig. 1, comprises a hopper 21, through which the material proceeds into a worm conveyor 28, and a bladed rotary propeller surrounding said worm conveyor and being enclosed in acasing 26; by the blades 3| of the propeller the material is thrown in to the aforesaid grooves i, i of the rotating mold ring; curved cover plates 34 attached to casing 26 and provided with a central reinforcing rib 33 are provided for guiding and retaining the material in said grooves i, i" on its way to the pressure roller 22,

(6) Crescent shaped guide plates 6C, 60 for covering the blanks, A, A2 from without in the lower section of the mold ring as they ascend from their birth place underneath the pressure roller 22, and supporting the blanks on their way out of the press: the crescent shaped guide plates 50, 60' for covering the blanks A, A2 follow the inner contour of the mold ring. The lower ends of the crescent-shaped plates are adjacent to the pressing roller and the upper ends of said plates extend to a point within the crown portion of the mold ring. According to this invention said blanks A, A2 are allowed to gradually liberate themselves spontaneously in the upper section of the mold ring l8 and to be deflected therefrom by their own gravitational forces.

For this purpose thegupper portions 80' of the said crescent shaped plates are spaced wider apart from the mold ring l8 than their lower ends and preferably terminate underneath its crown portion so as to support the blanks A, A2 for a considerable length of their way out of the press and before being broken into pieces by (7) A blank breaking'device; the latter is of the impact giving type and preferably arranged closely underneath the upper terminal edges of the crescent shaped guide plates 60, ill; in the embodiment of the invention shown by way oi. an example in Figs. 1 to3 said blank breaking device comprises two rotary discs 10, 10 each of which having substantially elliptically shaped cams in diametric disposition to each other, an oscillatable arm fulcrumed at the frame ll. wherein said rotary discs are journalled, an electric motor 23 and a belt drive 8 for rotating said discs, and a screw and nut gear H. 15 for supporting said arm 25 and adjusting the working position of the breaking device relatively to the blanks A, A2.

The-frequency and violence of the impacts imparted to the blanks A, A2 by the rotary discs l0, 70' are so chosen that the blanks will react by virtue of their own inertia-mass and weighteso as to powerfully assist in the breaking action and ensure the individual blocks or briquettes B to be severed at the predetermined points, notches, indentations or other marks produced in the blanks by the teeth 22' of the pressure roller 22,

(8) A discharge chute 38 into which the briquettes B drop on leaving the press.

A fan and suction pipes (not shown) may be provided to advantage from continuously removing dust and deposits from the press.

Various other changes and modifications may be conveniently made in the Structural details, assemblage and cooperation of the component parts of rotary block presses of the improved design describcd, without substantially departing from the spirit and the salient ideas of this invention:

For instance the rotary discs of the blank breaking device may be formed to advantage with cams 12, l2' of the so-called jumping type shown in Fig. 4 and so designed, that a relatively large component of the impact forces imparted to and breaking the blanks into individual briquettes will frictionally act in peripheral direction thus hiding in the quick discharge of the briquettes B from the press.

Another structurally modified blank breaking device is shown in Fig. 5, wherein the discs designated 16 are excentrically mounted on a rotary shaft 16 journalled in an oscillatable arm H which is yieldingly supported by a spring 11', said discs supporting by means of ball bearings rotary sleeves 1'8 and being rotated by a belt drive 19 and an electric motor not shown.

Good results have been obtained with blank breaking devices of the double cam type shown in Figs. 1 to 4 and working at a speed of from 1500 to 2000 revolutions per minute, and with a breaking device of the excentric or single cam type shown in Fig. 5 working at a speed of about 3000 R. P. M.

What I claim is:

1. In a rotary block press. a frame, a mold ring rotatably supported in upright position, by said frame, means for rotating said mold 'ring, a

pressing roller excentrically arranged in said mold ring for cooperation therewith, means for feeding the vmaterial under treatment into themold ring, a crescent shaped guide platearranged inside, the mold ringfor cooperation therewith inspaced relation. and extending from adjacent the pressing roller toCa point within the'upper portion of the mold ring, and'being spacedalong its upper terminal end portion away from the v inner periphery of the mold ring so as to support the, blank on liberating itself and gravitationally descending out of the mold,- andimpact giving means 'forbreaking'the blank into pieces.

2 In a rotary block press. a frame. a mold f ring rotatably supported in upright position by said frame, means for rotating said mold ring, a pressing roller excentrically arranged in said mold ring for cooperation therewith, means for feeding the material under treatment into the mold ring, a crescent shaped guide plate arranged inside the mold ring for cooperation therewith in spaced relation, and extending from adjacent the pressing roller to a point within the upper portion of the mold ring, and being spaced along its upper terminal end' portion away from the inner periphery of the mold .ring so as to support the blank on liberating itself and gravitationally descending out of the mold,said crescent shaped plate terminating underneath thecrown portion of the mold ringand impact giving means arranged at the terminal edge of said crescent shaped plate for breaking the blank into pieces.

3. In a rotary block press, aframe, a'mold ring rotatably supported in upright position by said frame, means for rotating said mold ring, a pressing roller excentrically arranged in said mold ring for cooperation therewith, mean-s for feeding the material under treatment into; the mold ring, a crescent shaped guide plate arranged inside the mold ring for cooperation therewith and at its upper end portion being spaced from the upper section of the mold ring so as to support the blank on liberating itself and gravitationally descending out of the mold. said crescent shaped guideplate havinglits lower end adjacent the pressing roller. and its upper terminal end within the crown portion of the mold ring. and impact giving means arranged at the terminal edge of .said crescent shaped plate for breaking the blank into pieces,-said impact giving means comprising a rotary disc having two cam shaped working faces diametrically arranged to each 1 other. I

A 4. In a rotary block press, a frame, amold ring rotatably supported in upright position by feeding the material under treatment into the mold ring, a crescent shaped guide-plate arranged --inside the mold ring or cooperation therewith and at it ilpp rend portion; being spaced from the upper section of the mold ring so as to sup--- fi cent shaped guide platehaving its lower end adjacent thepressing roller and its fupperterminal "end within the crown portion of the mold ring,

said frame, means for rotating said mold ring, a pressingroller excentrically arranged in said mold ring for cooperation therewith, means for v impact giving meansin the formof a rotary disc impact-giving means in the form of a rotary disc arranged at the terminal edge of said crescent' shaped plate for breaking the blankinto pieces, and means for adjusting the working position of said rotary disc relatively to the, blank 5 5. In au'otary' block press, a frame, a mold; ring rotatably supported in upright position by! said frame, means for rotating said mold ring, a pressing roller excentrically arranged-in, said,

mold ring for cooperation therewith, means for 10 I feeding the material under treatment into the mold ring, a crescent shaped guide plate arianged inside the mold ring for cooperation therewith and at its upper end portion being spaced from the upper section of themold ring so 15 ring, impact giving means in theiorm of a rotary disc arranged at the terminal edge of said crescent shaped plate for breaking the blank into pieces, and means for adjusting the working povsition of Said rotary 'disc' relatively to the blank,- 25

the working faces of said rotary disc being substantially elliptic.

6. In a rotary block press. a frame, a mold ring rotatably supported in upright position by,

said frame. means for rotating said mold. ring, 6

a pressing roller excentrically arranged in said mold ring for cooperation.therewith, means for feeding the material under treatment into the mold ring, a crescent shaped guide plate arranged inside the mold ring for cooperation therewith and at its upper end portion being spaced from the upper section of the mold ring so as to support the blank on liberating itself and gravitationally descending out of the mold, said crescent shaped guide plate having its lower end adjacent the pressing roller and its upper terminal end within the crown portion of the mold ring, and impact giving means arranged at the terminal edge of said crescent shaped plate for breaking the blank into pieces, said impact giving means comprising a rotary disc formed with two jumping cams arranged diametrically to each other.

7. In-a rotary block press, a frame, a mold ring rotatably supported in upright position by said frame, means for rotating said mold ring, a pressing roller excentrically arranged in said mold ring for cooperation therewith, means for feeding the material under treatment into the mold ring, a crescent shaped guide plate arranged inside the mold ring. for cooperation therewith and at its upper end portion being spaced from the upper section of the mold ring so as to support the blank on liberating itself and gravitacent shaped guide plate havingits lower end'acL jacent the pressing roller and its upper terminal end within the crown portion of the mold ring,

arranged at the terminal edge of said crescent "shaped plate for breaking the blank intov pieces, and means for adjusting the working position of said rotary, disc relatively to the blank,saidaddusting means comprising an oscillatable arm carrying said rotary disc and a screw and nut gear supporting said arm.

HEINRICH KoHLEa. 

